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Pluchea indica

(L.) Less. (1831)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Pluchea

Indian fleabane, Indian pluchea, liua (Ni‘ihau via St. John), marsh fleabane

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Naturalized
Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Extirpated
Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Kamole(Laysan Island) Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Kaho'olawe Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Wind

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Linnaea 6: 150 (1831)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:351 (Mi, La, Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka); Oppenheimer & Bartlett 2002:4 (H); Wood & LeGrande 2006:21 (Le); Starr & Starr 2008/Herbst 6362 BISH (Mi†, 1980)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Pluchea indica Molokini Islet Rare. One patch near coast. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 6040501 Maui BISH 2006-04-05
2 Pluchea indica Kahului, harbor Preserved_Specimen shrub, young flowers lavender Abbott, I.A. 16750 Maui BISH 1984-07-01
3 Pluchea indica On the cliffs of Milolii, Na Pali Coast Found scattered behind the beach and on the cliffs. Preserved_Specimen Found as a low shrub. Corn, C. 456 Kauai BISH 1979-07-10
4 Pluchea indica Honolulu, Kakaako Roadside, abundant. Preserved_Specimen Cooke, C.M. 1282 Oahu BISH 1924-07-12
5 Pluchea indica 0.5 mi E of Barbers Point; 5 mi SW of Ewa In sand behind dunes; very common. Preserved_Specimen Rounded bush 3-12 ft. in diameter; flowers rose-purple. Henrickson, J.S. 3820 Oahu BISH 1969-07-05
6 Pluchea indica Koolau Poko District; Mokapu Peninsula Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Kaneohe Bay, Hale Koa Beach Abundant in area of compacted soil back of the beach. Preserved_Specimen Erect shrub w/purple flws. Herbst, D.R. 9742 Oahu BISH 1995-12-05
7 Pluchea indica Makapuu Lighthouse area, ca. 275 meters bearing ca. 12.2 degrees from Makapuu Lighthouse Exposed windward cliffs on mostly bare lava. Preserved_Specimen Snow, N. 10048 Oahu BISH 2011-03-05
8 Pluchea indica Sand Island State Recreation Area Disturbed area in coastal strand. Preserved_Specimen Shrub to 1.5m; flowers lavender. Annable, C.R. 3139 Oahu BISH 1996-11-16
9 Pluchea indica SW part of island Near the edge of the lagoon. Preserved_Specimen Shrub to about 1 m tall. Herbst, D.R. 6522 Laysan Island BISH 1980-07-13
10 Pluchea indica Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge, Oahu Growing in wet mudflat, and along the edges of the pond with Bacopa monnieri and Eleocharis geniculata. Preserved_Specimen Small shrubs 3-4 ft tall. Pink pompom like flowers. Leaves glaborous and dentate. Crago, L.M. 2005071 Oahu BISH 2005-02-23
11 Pluchea indica Kahuku Sandy. Preserved_Specimen Woody shrub, serrated leaves. Guinto, J. 5 Oahu BISH 1986-02-04
12 Pluchea indica Polihale State Park Along beach. Growing in open near Myoporum, Prosopis, Scaevola. Preserved_Specimen A shrub about 1.5 m tall; dbh 1 . Leaves alternate; ovate; to 2.5 cm long, margins serrate. Flowers white to pink. Spence, G. 105 Kauai BISH 1972-11-08
13 Pluchea indica N end of island In sand. Around entire lagoon, except W side. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1 m to 1.25 m high; flowers lavender. Daniel, C.W. 30 Laysan Island BISH 1959-07-25
14 Pluchea indica Mokuleia side of Kaena Point On beach strand. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1 m high. Gagné, W.C. 618 Oahu BISH 1971-01-09
15 Pluchea indica Kahuku Roadside of the highway, sandy silt. Preserved_Specimen A much branched, weedy shrub, 5' high or less. Leaves are alternate, inverted-ovate, few toothed (1-1.5 in.). Common cluster of flowers consist of numerous small, ovoid heads with tubular florets only. Tiu, C. 54 Oahu BISH 1975-02-08
16 Pluchea indica Kahuku Sandy loam. Preserved_Specimen Dense branch, 5 ' high, clustered flowers. Sanchez, S. 13 Oahu BISH 1986-02-24
17 Pluchea indica Kaneohe, Kaneohe Marine Corps Air Station, on beach facing Kailua Bay near Nuupia Ponds Beach. Preserved_Specimen Hughes, E. Oahu BISH 1990-05-22
18 Pluchea indica At NE edge of lagoon Growing predominantly on sandy soil substratum. Preserved_Specimen Tsuda, R.T. 496 Laysan Island BISH 1963-12-05
19 Pluchea indica 46-465 Kamehameha Highway at Kealohi Point; Heeia State Park Preserved_Specimen Shrub to 1-2m; stems mostly prostrate; inflorescence lavender, turning golden. Annable, C.R. 3108 Oahu BISH 1996-11-06
20 Pluchea indica Near (west) Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Shrub, about 1 m tall, flowers salmon-colored. Introduced weed. Brown, F.B.H. 1283 Oahu BISH 1923-08-01
21 Pluchea indica Kaneohe, Kaneohe Marine Corps Air Station, on beach facing Kailua Bay near Nuupia Ponds Beach. Preserved_Specimen Hughes, E. Oahu BISH 1990-05-22
22 Pluchea indica Honolulu, Bishop Museum grounds at Planetarium Preserved_Specimen A diffuse shrub 1.5 m tall and 3 m wide. Branches limber and sometimes resting on the ground. Flower heads mauve. The plant has a spicy odor when crushed. Lau, J. 1654 Oahu BISH 1985-11-18
23 Pluchea indica Keehi Lagoon, Coconut Island Preserved_Specimen Shrub with purple flowers. Herbst, D.R. 6152 Oahu BISH 1978-07-29
24 Pluchea indica Honolulu, N of Ala Moana Park In sand dredged from Kewalo Basin. Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. Oahu BISH 1937-05-25
25 Pluchea indica SW side On tidewater flats. Preserved_Specimen Fullaway, D. Oahu BISH 1922-06-01
26 Pluchea indica Waikiki Dry coral plain. Preserved_Specimen Baker, R.J. 280 Oahu BISH 1932-07-20
27 Pluchea indica SW edge of lagoon Preserved_Specimen 1 - 1.2 m high. Butler, G. Laysan Island BISH 1959-04-30
28 Pluchea indica N and NE above lagoon on inner slopes Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 1681 Laysan Island BISH 1961-09-05
29 Pluchea indica Honolulu, Kapiolani Park Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 26 Oahu BISH 1949-10-23
30 Pluchea indica Honolulu, probably Ala Moana Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1928-01-01
31 Pluchea indica Kahuku, near beach Preserved_Specimen Plants have luxuriant growth after rainy season. Bishop, B. Oahu BISH 1963-06-02
32 Pluchea indica Kalaupapa; airport, 100 m W of start of runway Preserved_Specimen erect shrub Wysong, M.L. 588 Molokai BISH 2005-01-27
33 Pluchea indica Sand Island Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 485 Oahu BISH 1967-05-15
34 Pluchea indica Kailua, Popoia Island Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6028 Oahu BISH 1978-02-07
35 Pluchea indica Keehi Lagoon, Kahakaaulana Island Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6081 Oahu BISH 1978-04-30
36 Pluchea indica Ewa Beach, Fort Weaver Road Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1956-06-04
37 Pluchea indica Kailua Bay, Mokulua Islands (North island) Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5992 Oahu BISH 1978-02-07
38 Pluchea indica Keehi Lagoon, Burm island Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6061 Oahu BISH 1978-04-30
39 Pluchea indica Kailua, Popoia Island Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. Oahu BISH 1949-09-03
40 Pluchea indica Edge of Honolulu Harbor Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1880-01-01
41 Pluchea indica S end of Waianae Mtns., near Makakilo Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-06-26
42 Pluchea indica Honolulu, near Iolani School Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. Oahu BISH 1961-10-19
43 Pluchea indica Honolulu, near Iolani School Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. Oahu BISH 1961-10-19
44 Pluchea indica Kahuku, Kahuku Pt., 1 mi E along Marconi Rd Preserved_Specimen Barta, J. Oahu BISH 1984-06-01
45 Pluchea indica Waikiki, Ala Wai Preserved_Specimen Forbes, A. Oahu BISH 1930-08-06
46 Pluchea indica Anahola Beach, just back of beach along road Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1977-07-21
47 Pluchea indica Waikiki Swamp. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17190 Oahu BISH 1915-01-01
48 Pluchea indica Kaena Point Preserved_Specimen Luke, K. 39 Oahu BISH 1960-12-07
49 Pluchea indica Kawainui Marsh, Northend of dike road on Marsh side Scattered on muddy banks of marsh intermixed with other vegetation in 2-3 inches of water to upper bank areas of wet soil. Preserved_Specimen Erect shrubs 1-1.5 m tall. Alternate glaborous, serrate margined leaves. Large umbels of peach-pink flowers. Crago, L.M. 2005010 Oahu BISH 2005-01-20
50 Pluchea indica Maunalua Bay, Kuapa Pond Beach Preserved_Specimen Forbes, G. Oahu BISH 1935-05-09
51 Pluchea indica Haleiwa Harbor Sandy soil near sea. Preserved_Specimen Woody herb; 40 cm. Swarbrick, J.T. 0.58 Oahu BISH 1976-01-07
52 Pluchea indica SW end of Ewa airstrip Common shrub in holes of coral plain. Preserved_Specimen Flowers purple. Webster, G.L. 1253 Oahu BISH 1948-02-04
53 Pluchea indica Kailua, E side of Kawainui Marsh Growing in mud and standing water. Common in ditch east of levee. Preserved_Specimen 1 m tall, heads rose pink. Fosberg, F.R. 56674 Oahu BISH 1977-03-05
54 Pluchea indica Central Maui, by Kanaha Pond On saline flats. Preserved_Specimen In open area, forming dense still shrubs to 1.5 m. When growing among Prosopis trees, however, they sometimes find support on branches and may attain heights of 5 m. Hobdy, R.W. 2529 Maui BISH 1986-02-27
55 Pluchea indica Honouliuli, ridge E of Makaiwa Gulch Dry, bushy slope (abandoned pineapple field). Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1 m tall. Fosberg, F.R. 13813 Oahu BISH 1937-05-02
56 Pluchea indica Honolulu District, Koko Head Sparsely scattered throughout area. Preserved_Specimen Flowers in rainy season. Bruegmann, M.M. 131 Oahu BISH 1984-02-13
57 Pluchea indica Lawai, Pac. Trop. Bot. Garden Rare in valley. Preserved_Specimen Small shrub with pale purple flowers. Herbst, D.R. 2279 Kauai BISH 1971-12-30
58 Pluchea indica Mokolii Over much of the island. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5041950 Oahu BISH 2005-04-19
59 Pluchea indica Waialua, Haleiwa Point Occasional on coral sand. Preserved_Specimen 1.0 m tall; heads pink. Fosberg, F.R. 27130 Oahu BISH 1946-10-20
60 Pluchea indica Along Highway 31 near Kihei Roadside shrub, common along Hwy 31. In close company with Prosopis. Preserved_Specimen Shrub to 2.5 m. Nagata, K.M. 893 Maui BISH 1971-10-23
61 Pluchea indica S Hilo District, Keaukaha, E of Lokoaka Pond Growing in degraded Scaevola coastal shrubland. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 40023 Hawaii BISH 2000-04-23
62 Pluchea indica Waimea, Mana Near beach in open place. Common. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1662 Kauai BISH 1936-11-05
63 Pluchea indica Nawiliwili, E of State Pier On sandy soil with Prosopis, Acacia farnesiana, Cenchrus echinatus. Area appears to have been cleared perhaps 5-10 yrs. ago. Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 2349 Kauai BISH 1963-04-14
64 Pluchea indica mouth of Niu Stream Occasional on edge of marsh along road. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 0.6 m tall, heads pinkish. Fosberg, F.R. 27118 Oahu BISH 1946-10-19
65 Pluchea indica Heeia, Heeia Bridge Common, especially along ditch banks, in tidal flats. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1.0 m tall. Fosberg, F.R. 27133 Oahu BISH 1946-10-23
66 Pluchea indica Waikiki Swamp. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17190 Oahu BISH 1915-01-01
67 Pluchea indica Laysan Growing with Ipomoea and Eragrostis on NE and NW sides of lagoon at 5 m alt. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 0.6 to 1.2 m tall with purple flowers. Young, A.L. 148 Laysan Island BISH 1964-09-17
68 Pluchea indica Lua Kealialalo Growing in shade under dense Prosopis trees with numerous other introduced plant species. Preserved_Specimen Shrub, ca. 1 m.tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 357 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-22
69 Pluchea indica Keehi Lagoon, sand islet at inner north-west corner of triangle formed by seaplane runways, Keehi Lagoon Abundant. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1954 Oahu BISH 1971-06-13
70 Pluchea indica Kailua, Kailua Beach Thickets back of beach. Preserved_Specimen 2.5 m tall; flowers pale green. Fosberg, F.R. 27081 Oahu BISH 1946-09-22
71 Pluchea indica Waikiki, along canal Coral fill. Preserved_Specimen Low shrub, 0.5 m high. MacDaniels, L.H. 126 Oahu BISH 1926-12-20
72 Pluchea indica Kaneohe Bay, Kapapa Islet Raised coral reef with shallow, sandy soil. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6117 Oahu BISH 1978-05-24
73 Pluchea indica Sand Island Growing with Atriplex, Prosopis, Chloris, Desmanthus, Sesuvium on arid, sandy soil. Abundant. Preserved_Specimen Shrub about 5 ' tall, much branched, with dark brown bark, coriaceous leaves, and light lavender flowers. A few branches prostrate, occasionally rooting at nodes. Herbst, D.R. 522 Oahu BISH 1967-08-10
74 Pluchea indica At NE edge of lagoon Growing predominantly on sandy soil substratum. Preserved_Specimen Tsuda, R.T. 496 Laysan Island BISH 1963-12-05
75 Pluchea indica Waimea District. Kawaiele Waterbird Sanctuary Coastal wetlands. W/ Bacopa monnieri, Dodonaea viscosa, Fimbristylis cymosa, Heliotropium curassavicum, Heteropogon contortus, Jacquemontia sandwicensis, Sesuvium portulacastrum, Sida fallax, Vitex rotundifolia, Vigna Preserved_Specimen Dense, many-branched shrub about 3.5 feet tall. Growing intermixed with Pluchea carolinensis. Walsh, S. 793 Kauai BISH 2021-01-07
76 Pluchea indica Koko Crater On rock cut, mountainward side of highway, S of Koko Crater. Preserved_Specimen Egler, F.E. 37234 Oahu BISH 1937-03-09
77 Pluchea indica [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; North-West Hawaiian Islands; Laysan; Hawaii; Honolulu Between the lagoon edge and slope. Preserved_Specimen Shrub growing 1 to 1.5 m tall. Conant, S. 160 Laysan Island BISH 1983-07-22
78 Pluchea indica Former Naval Air Station Barbers Point, Northern Trap & Skeet Range On bare scraped limestone. Under Prosopis palida. with Cenchrus ciliaris, Pluchea carolinensis, Leucaena leucocephala, and Waltheria indica. Preserved_Specimen 2 m tall shrub. Pale pink flowers. BISH staff 49 Oahu BISH 2021-05-04
79 Pluchea indica Kailua, Hamakua Marsh, mountainside of Hamakua Dr Dominant shrub bordering open water zones, fronted by Batis maritima or Rhizophora mangle. Preserved_Specimen Imada, C. 9213 Oahu BISH 1992-04-04
80 Pluchea indica mouth of Niu Stream Occasional on edge of marsh along road. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 0.6 m tall, heads pinkish. Fosberg, F.R. 27118 Oahu BISH 1946-10-19
81 Pluchea indica Kaena Point Sand dunes. Preserved_Specimen Webster, G.L. 13849 Oahu BISH 1968-06-22
82 Pluchea indica This low shrub was growing at the southwest end of the lagoon - tending to form thickets with Scaevola - and, in flr. and fr. Preserved_Specimen not on sheet Long, C.R. 2395 Laysan Island BISH 1964-09-19
83 Pluchea indica Halalii Lake, S shore On dry salt flats; fairly common. Preserved_Specimen 2 m tall. St.John, H. 22735 Niihau BISH 1947-08-12
84 Pluchea indica Highway 44, North West Lanai, near Beach Near the beach, growing along road near Kiawe thickets. Preserved_Specimen Shrub to 2 m. Leaves alternate; ovate; 2.5 cm long; margins serrate. Flowering heads white to pink. Spence, G. 353 Lanai BISH 1973-10-23
85 Pluchea indica Lehua Rock grassland, herbland; Cenchrus ciliaris, Setaria verticillata, Portulaca oleracea, Jacquemontia ovalifolia, Pluchea indica, Pluchea carolinensis, Ageratum conyzoides, Chenopodium murale, Waltheria indica, Cenchrus echinatus, Cloris virgata Preserved_Specimen 1-1.5 m shrub; thickly branched; stems dark brown or red tinge; flower light purple, leaves light green Wood, K.R. 11545 Lehua Rock BISH 2005-10-07
86 Pluchea indica Wailua, Wailua Game Reserve Recent invader. Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Area variously treated with lime and fertilizer. Now residual pasture. Preserved_Specimen Shrub of 2 m, flowers lavender Howard, R.A. 20271 Kauai BISH 1985-10-20
87 Pluchea indica W Maui, Kahului, by Kahana Pond near junction of Routes 36 and 361 Low, open weedy ground. Preserved_Specimen Shrub, ca. 1 m.tall. Cooperrider, T.S. 11096 Maui BISH 1970-02-16
88 Pluchea indica At SW end of lagoon Tending to form thickets with Scaevola. Preserved_Specimen Low shrub, in flower and fruit. Long, C.R. 2395 Laysan Island BISH 1964-09-19
89 Pluchea indica Kahuku, Kahuku Golf Course Sandy with tropical, coastal plants. Preserved_Specimen Weedy shrub 5' high or less. Each fruit has tuft of light yellow hair. Smith, M. 20 Oahu BISH 1986-02-01
90 Pluchea indica Pearl Harbor, Dillingham Boulevard Saline flat. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1 m tall; flowers pinkish. Fosberg, F.R. 12228 Oahu BISH 1935-07-13
91 Pluchea indica Waikiki Swamp. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17190 Oahu BISH 1915-01-01
92 Pluchea indica N Halawa Valley; botanical survey site 5; betw bridges 5 & 6 on access rd.; mesa top area of site 5 Occasional. Andropogon grassland. Preserved_Specimen Lennstrom, H. 199411 Oahu BISH 1994-01-03
93 Pluchea indica Kuliouou Beach Locally common at edge of beach on filled land, dredge spoil. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 0.7 m tall, flowers pinkish-purple. Fosberg, F.R. 55598 Oahu BISH 1974-10-12
94 Pluchea indica S end of island In dark sand. Found around the lagoon, everywhere but W side. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1 m high; flowers lavender. Daniel, C.W. 20 Laysan Island BISH 1959-07-25
95 Pluchea indica Nawiliwili Bay, Niumalu Park With Pluchea fosbergii and P.symphytifolia. Preserved_Specimen Shrub of 1.5 m. Flynn, T.W. 2138 Kauai BISH 1987-04-03
96 Pluchea indica Palolo Valley, upper part In moist part of Leucaena glauca zone. Preserved_Specimen Wayside week; shrub, 1 m tall. Egler, F.E. 37275 Oahu BISH 1937-08-20
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